Another study went so far as to suggest that there was a marked difference in the performance of athletes who listened to music to motivate them – that they did significantly better than those who did not listen to music. But American decathlete Jeremy Taiwo, described to us in Rio how he focuses in on his environmental sounds during a race: “I hear the rhythm of my feet, I know that how the sound reverberates off the track from my feet indicates the kind of energy that I am currently putting into the surface. It's valuable feedback,” he says. “The roar of the crowd spikes my adrenal response, it's a boost that takes my intentional force and makes it extraordinarily precise for technical events. I feel like my mind is a sponge thirsting for any audible, kinesthetic or visual cues to use in to fuel my body's movement and performance.”